Tjerandsen -- Education Citizenship

Preface | Introduction | Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 | Chapter 5 | Chapter 6 | Chapter 7 | Chapter 8  | Chapter 9 | Bibliography | Appendix A | Appendix B | Appendix C | List of Acronyms | About the Author


Appendix A

Trustees and Officers of the Emil Schwarzhaupt Foundation, Inc.

Although the number of trustees varied from time to time, during the most active years of the Foundation's work (1953 to 1958), the number of trustees stood at seven.

Trustees

Emil Schwarzhaupt - August 5, 1936 to March 30, 1950 (Deceased)1
Leo Gerngross - August 5, 1936 to May 31, 1958 (Deceased)
Frederic P. Lee - August 5, 1936 to October 1968 (Deceased)
Pauline Gerngross - March 1, 1939 to August 24, 1949
Lillian Rumford - March 1, 1939 to October 1, 1942
Leonard Rieser - May 17, 1955 to March 10, 1958 (Deceased)
Hugo Sonnenschein - May 18, 1950 to September 1, 1956 (Deceased)
Charles H. Tuttle - September 15, 1953 to June 17, 1958
Ethel Wise - September 15, 1953 to September 12, 1954
Robert N. Montgomery - May 22, 1954 to April 27, 1967 (Deceased)
Richard Reid - September 15, 1953 to January 24, 1961 (Deceased)
Barbara Blincoe - December 4, 1968 to March 31, 1975
Adolph Hirsch - May 18, 1950 to present date
Ralph W. Tyler - May 27, 1957 to present date
Bernard H. Goldfluss - August 24, 1949 to May 18, 1950 and November 7, 1958 to present date
Sidney B. Becker - December 6, 1967 to present date
 

Officers

President

Emil Schwarzhaupt August 5, 1936 to March 30, 1950
Leo Gerngross May 18, 1950 to May 31, 1958
Adolph Hirsch June 17, 1958 to present date

Vice-President

Leo Gerngross August 5, 1936 to May 18, 1950
Hugo Sonnenschein May 18, 1950 to April 27, 1953
Leonard Rieser - April 27, 1953 to March 10, 19582
Richard Reid - May 22, 1959 to January 24, 1961
Ralph W. Tyler - April 19, 1961 to present date

Secretary

Frederic P. Lee - August 5, 1946 to December 17, 1965
Bernard H. Goldfluss December 17, 1965 to present date

Treasurer

Emil Schwarzhaupt - August 5, 1936 to March 30, 1950
Adolph Hirsch - May 18, 1950 to May 22, 1959
Bernard H. Goldfluss - May 22, 1959 to present date

Assistant Treasurer

Marie H. Ganley - June 17, 1958 to November 5, 1960
Ruth McCullum - November 15, 1960 to November 1, 1962 (Deceased)
Therese M. Powell - December 27, 1962 to present date

Assistant Secretary

Therese M. Powell - December 27, 1962 to present date

Consultant and Executive Secretary

Carl Tjerandsen May 19, 1953 to present date

1The designation "Deceased" indicates that the Trustee or officer served in that capacity until his death.
2All officers (excluding the Assistant Secretary and the Assistant Treasurers) were also Trustees, except Leonard Rieser who served as Vice-President before he was elected as a Trustee.



Appendix B

List of Grants1

University of Chicago: To advise the Foundation on grant policy

December 1951 - $25,300

~

Grants to Promote Civic Competence of American Indians

Arrow Inc./American Indian Development: Community development work with Navajo at Crownpoint, N.M.

Calendar years 1956 and 1957 - $31,000

Annual renewals 1958, 1959 and 1960 - $93,000

Employ Navajo manager for Community House - $4,800

Total - $128,800

~

University of Chicago, Department of Anthropology: Citizenship education among Fox Indians at Tama, Iowa

Four years beginning July 1954 - $60,000

One year beginning July 1958 (period extended until July 1960) - $14,000

Total - $74,000

~

American Indian Center, Chicago: To assist acculturation of Indians

Three years beginning July 1957 - $45,000

Three years beginning 1959 - $22,500

Total - $67,500

~

University of Chicago, Department of Anthropology:

To support American Indian Chicago Conference, 1961 - $14,800

~

Association on American Indian Affairs/American Indian Development: Workshops for American Indian College Students

Summers of 1959, 1960 and 1961 - $10,000

Preparation of final report - $900

Total - $10,900

~

Arrow, Inc.: Citizenship education among Oglala Sioux, Pine Ridge, S.D.

Six months beginning July 1956 - $6,000

Renewal for six months - $2,500

Total - $8,500

~

American Friends Service Committee: Community organization, Oglala Sioux, Pine Ridge, S.D.

Four annual grants beginning July 1954 - $34,400

~

Unitarian Service Committee: To provide voter information among Zuni and Navajo near Gallup, N.M.

One year-1956 - $11,800

~

Total grant support to Indian proejcts - $350,000

Grants to Assist Citizens to Learn How to Secure and Use Their Civic Rights

Industrial Areas Foundation: Community organization activities among Mexican-Americans in California2

Three years beginning July 1953 - $150,000

Community Service Organization consolidation program

Three years beginning July 1955 - $186,000

CSO education program

Three years beginning July 1955 - $60,000

Expansion of CSO education program

Three years beginning July 1958 - $89,400

Special women's education program

Two years beginning January 1961 - $19,000

Consulting assistance to strengthen community service organizations

One year-1963 - $17,000

Preparation of final report - $5,000

Total - $526,400

~

Highlander Folk School: Community leader training in the South

Three years beginning July 1953 - $44,100

Renewal for three years beginning May 1956 - $56,150

Leader and team training for citizenship schools

April 1961 - $11,503

Preparation of final report - $15,000

Total - $126,753

~

Migrant Ministry, Division of Christian Life and Mission: Community organizing among agricultural migrants

Three years beginning January 1957 - $90,030

Preparation of final report - $4,000

Total - $94,030

~

Total grant support to assist citizens to secure and use their civic rights as citizens - $747,183

Grants to Assist Citizens to Learn to Apply IAF Principles to Working with Others to Achieve Common Ends3

Industrial Areas Foundation: To establish a citizens organization in Woodlawn, South Chicago

For three years beginning January 1961 - $69,996

For services to Chelsea Community Council, New York City

One year beginning July 1959 ($14,800 less balance returned) - $12,090

Total - $82,086

~

National Conference of Catholic Charities: To establish citizen organizations in:

Lackawanna, N.Y.

Three years beginning July 1956 - $45,300

Butte, Montana

Two years beginning February 1959 ($63,771) and a supplemental grant for the same period ($18,000); one additional year beginning June 1961 ($16,800) - $98,571

Total - $143,871

~

Hudson Guild: To establish a citizens organization in Chelsea in New York City

Two years beginning July 1956 ($44,200);

One year beginning July 1958 ($6,200, less $1,653 returned upon dissolution of the CCC)

Total - $48,747

Preparation of final report - $6,400

Total - $55,147

~

Grants in support of efforts to apply IAF principles - $281,104

Grants to Help Social Agencies, Organizations and Institutions to Assist Citizens to Learn to Achieve Common Ends

Neighborhood Houses

Hull House: To promote citizen participation in an urban planning program

Three years beginning November 1954; extended to end of 1958 - $41,100

Preparation of final report - $3,000

Total - $44,100

~

Kenwood-Ellis Community Center: To promote citizen participation in an urban planning and conservation program and in block organization

One year beginning September 1955 - $7,300

Three years beginning November 1956 - $63,300

Total - $70,600

~

Howell Neighborhood House: Strengthen Pilsen Neighbors and develop community leaders

Three years beginning September 1955 - $30,000

Two and one-half years beginning March 1956 - $11,250

Total - $41,250

~

South Chicago Community Center: To develop a citizen participation project in a public housing project

Three years beginning September 1955 - $68,700

Renewal for one year beginning September 1958 - $22,900

Renewal for one year beginning September 1959 - $22,900

Total - $114,500

~

Lower North Center: To develop a community organization in public housing project

Three years beginning January 1956 - $30,500

One year beginning January 1959 - $10,500

Total - $41,000

~

Freedom House: To develop citizen organization in Roxbury area of Boston

Two calendar years beginning January 1958 - $20,000

Renewal for two years beginning January 1960 - $16,000

Total - $36,000

~

Colony House: To develop citizen organization in Brooklyn, N.Y.

Three years beginning January 1958 - $35,250

~

Total grants to support learning to work with others through neighborhood houses - $382,700

Community/Metropolitan Associations

Hyde Park-Kenwood Community Conference: To further citizen participation in community improvement

Three years beginning July 1954 - $30,000

Renewal for three years beginning July 1957 - $24,000

Preparation, printing and promotion of sale of final report-1956- $7,300

Education program on housing rehabilitation for volunteers and block leaders-two years beginning July 1960 - $20,000

Total - $81,300

~

Citizens Planning and Housing Association of Baltimore: To expand citizen involvement in housing, planning and zoning programs in Baltimore County

Two years beginning July 1957 - $30,016

Renewal July 1959 to April 1961 - $11,000

Total - $41,016

~

United Community Fund of San Francisco: To assist citizens to form neighborhood councils

Two years beginning January 1958 - $36,000

Six months beginning May 1960 - $7,500

Total - $43,500

~

Better Housing League of Cincinnati and Hamilton County, Inc.: To organize citizens in deteriorating neighborhoods

Two years beginning July 1959 - $18,000

~

Welfare Council of Metropolitan Chicago: To strengthen citizen organizations in Chicago neighborhoods

Three years beginning November 1956 - $97,7784

~

Metropolitan Housing and Planning Council of Chicago: To assist neighborhood organizations to use technical information and counsel effectively

Three years beginning March 1957 - $49,200

Preparation of final report - $2,500

Total - $51,700

~

Total grants to support learning to work with others through community /metropolitan associations - $333,294

Colleges

Earlham College: To assist citizens to organize to solve community problems

Three years beginning July 1957 - $36,156

Preparation of final report - $1,344

Total - $37,500

~

Goddard College: To assist citizens to cope with change in Vermont communities

Two years beginning September 1959 - $28,200

~

Total grants to support learning to work with others through colleges and universities - $65,700

Grand total of grants to support learning to work with others toward common ends - $781,694

Grants to Promote More Effective Participation in Civ ic Affairs Through Adult Education, Training and Research

Adult Education Projects

Roosevelt University: To develop a functional grasp of English in the context of American culture

Two years beginning July 1953 - $29,500

To continue program and to adapt methods to public adult schools

Three years beginning July 1955 - $28,725

Preparation of final report - $750

Total - $58,975

~

American Council for Emigres in the Professions: To develop the ability of émigré professional-level persons to function in American society mo re effectively

One year grants between 1953 and 1974 - $117,500

~

University of Miami/School of Continuing Studies: To assist émigré to acquire a functional grasp of English

Varying grants between 1970 and 1977 - $41,173

~

Chicago Commons Association: To improve civic abilities through combining adult education with social group work

Three years beginning September 1958 - $18,400

~

Total grants to adult education projects - $236,048

Training Projects

Citizens Information Service of Chicago: To train citizens in the use of voter information as part of community action

Annual grants 1954-1958 - $65,000

~

Penn Community Center: For workshops to train leaders in civic affairs in black communities

One year beginning July 1958 - $2,000

Two years beginning July 1959 - $2,600

Total - $4,600

~

South Carolina Council on Human Relations: To train leadership in black organizations

Grant for 1960 - $5,000

~

Migrant Ministry: To train field staff to use a community focus for its program

Three years beginning January 1957 - $22,500

Supplemental grants 1959 and 1960 - $6,850

Total - $29,350

~

National Training Laboratories, Inc.: To establish laboratory in community leadership training-1960 - $5,000

~

University of Chicago/Center for Community Leader Training/Human Relations Center: To train neighborhood leaders and professionals to work on community rehabilitation

Two years beginning September 1954 - $27,000

To cover added personnel costs and extend project to August 1957 - $7,500

Total - $34,500

~

New School for Social Research/Study Center in Community Participation: To train citizens and professionals to make community organizations more effective

Three annual grants beginning July 1954 - $36,000

~

New York University/Center for Community and Field Services: To help community leaders learn to make better use of community resources

Three years beginning July 1954 - $45,000

~

Total of grants for training - $224,450

Research Project

University of Michigan/Survey Research Center:

To study patterns of leadership and motivation in the League of Women Voters-July 1956 - $110,000

To apply results of the study - $34,450

Total - $144,450

~

Total of grants for education, training and research - $604,948

Grants to Assist Efforts to Prepare Youth for Adult Citizenship Programs for Children and Adolescents

Fellowship House, Philadelphia:

To expand intergroup relations program through training of adult leaders - $10,800

To assist other fellowship houses - $12,000

To prepare a final report - $2,000

Total for three years beginning July 1953 - $24,800

To expand Arrow Program into high schools

Three years beginning July 1956 - $12,000

To expand Arrow program outside of Philadelphia

Two years beginning July 1959 - $8,000

To print Arrow manual 1,350

Total - $46,150

~

Fellowship House, Cincinnati: To develop democratic attitudes in children

Annual grants for 1957, 1958 and 1959 - $5,600

~

Lincoln Filene Center for Civic Education-Tufts University: To produce curriculum materials on public issues for use in high schools

September 1953 - $25,000

November 1954 - $22,000

November 1957 - $1,000

Total - $48,000

~

Benton House, Chicago: To develop more responsible behavior through group work methods

Three years beginning July 1956 - $42,000

One year beginning July 1959 - $14,000

Total - $56,000

~

National 4-H Club Foundation: To explore possibility of basing 4-H citizenship program on human relations principles and train personnel in methods

Three years beginning January 1955 - $80,000

~

Girl Scouts of the U.S.A.: To support experimental citizenship program efforts in low-income urban areas

Two years beginning July 1955 - $20,000

Two years beginning January 1958 - $15,000

Total - $35,000

~

New York City Mission Society: Citizenship training for Puerto Rican youth

One year beginning January 1957 - $2,000

~

YWCA of Mississippi: To expand citizenship program to black girls in rural areas

Three years beginning July 1959 - $31,700

~

Subtotal of grants in support of projects for children and adolescents - $304,450

Programs for Young Adults

American Friends Service Committee/Interns-in-Community Service: To heighten understanding of possibilities of solving public problems in low-income areas of Chicago and Oakland

Annual grants for period July 1953 to June 1960 in Oakland - $57,000

Annual grants for period July 1955 to August 1959 in Chicago - $29,500

Total - $86,500

~

National Opinion Research Center: To undertake study of AFSC Interns-in-Community Service program

1958-59 - $5,536

~

Encampment for Citizenship: Study to evaluate encampment public affairs program

Beginning 1955 - $10,000

To expand encampment program

Two years beginning July 1956 - $50,480

Two years beginning July 1958 - $24,000

Support for 1960 West Coast encampment - $5,000

Support for 1961 West Coast encampment - $5,000

Preparation of final report-1958-1960 - $5,000

Printing and distribution of final report - $2000

Total - $101,480

~

Citizenship Clearing House: To help college students gain understanding of party politics

One year beginning November 1954 - $13,400

~

Springfield College: To improve citizenship through the extracurriculum

Three years beginning July 1956 - $32,400

Preparation of final report - $1,938

Total - $34,338

~

Subtotal of grants in support of projects for young adults - $241,254

Grand total of grants to support efforts to prepare for adult citizenship - $545,704

~

Miscellaneous Grants

In addition to the grants recorded above, a few small grants were made which, though related to the Foundation's general purposes, did not fit into the categories comprising the overwhelming proportion of the projects for which funds were granted. Some projects grew out of the work of the University of Chicago's Committee on Education for American Citizenship; others were approved because they offered an opportunity to provide a significant benefit at small cost.

Catholic Interracial Council of Chicago: Support of national conference of Catholic interracial councils - $3,500

Columbia University/Legislative Drafting Research Fund: Preparation and publication of a compilation of state constitutions - $15,000

Highlander Education and Research Center: To begin citizen education program on legal rights of citizens in justice-of-the-peace courts - $10,000

Immigrant Service League of Chicago: To assist integration of immigrants into American society - $4,000

Muskingum College: Contribution to memorial for Dr. Robert N. Montgomery, former trustee - $1,200

National Federation of Settlements and Neighborhood Centers: Toward support of national workshop for settlement workers on citizen participation - $5,700

National Institute for Labor Education: To support meetings of task force to promote community involvement of labor union officials and members - $4,000

New York University/Center for Human Relations Studies: To print a report on problems of Puerto Ricans in New York City - $300

University of California at Santa Cruz/College Seven and Cowell College: To support Septima Clark's seminar on community involvement for advanced students - $3,000

University of Chicago/Department of Education: Travel funds for study on community development and adult education (conducted by Roy Ingham) - $740

Evaluative review of current practices in citizenship education (conducted by Leonard Gardner) - $200

Department of Political Science: Research study to develop more adequate body of principles for guiding and judging programs of citizen education (conducted by Robert Horwitz) - $3,000

Subtotal of Miscellaneous - $50,640

Grand total of grants made from restricted funds - $3,361,9735

NOTES

1. This list (excluding the initial grant to the University of Chicago) shows the grants made pursuant to the policy adopted by the trustees of the Foundation based on the report of the Committee on Education for American Citizenship. In some cases, the grants shown are net amounts after reappropriations were made for other grant purposes, such as preparation, printing or duplication of reports or after unexpended balances were returned to the Foundation.

2. A three-year grant in the amount of $150,000 was made on April 27, 1953, on the basis of an application dated Sept. 14, 1951, for $100,000 per year for three years. Because of the time necessarily required by the Committee on Education for American Citizenship to complete its report, the trustees voted to make an interim grant from unrestricted funds of $15,000, which was forwarded on Dec. 3, 1951, to the lAF.

3. In Woodlawn, of course, the IAF was applying its own principles.

4. Of the original grant of - $130,653, the sum of - $32,875 was returned at the grantee's request.

5. Upon dissolution of the Foundation, any unexpended funds are to be conveyed to the American Council for Emigres in the Professions.


Appendix C

Emil Schwarzhaupt Foundation, Inc.

Financial Summary as of December 31, 1978

Cash on April 1, 1950 $85,017.39
Other assets on April 1, 1950, including securities at cost $27,112.50
Total assets at beginning of period under review

$112,129.89
Add: Income
Dividends, interest and rent

$436,233.73
Profit on sale of securities and unimproved land
$991,739.70
Contributions received (in cash or securities)1
Estate of Emil Schwarzhaupt $2,318,345.98
Adolph Hirsch $40,000.00
Others $6,070.00
Total contributions received $2,364,415.98
Total gross resources received as of December 31, 1978 $3,904,519.30
Deduct: Disbursements
Salaries, consultant's fees, legal and accounting costs
$223,646.90
Sales commissions on sales of unimproved land
$9,899.11
Preparation of Foundation's final report and travel expenses
$45,900.47
Internal Revenue Service excise taxes paid
$1,860.34
Rent and sundry
$46,452.35
Total administration and general expenses: $ 327,759.17
Contributions paid:2 $3,457,151.55
Total disbursements to December 31, 1978: $3,784,910.72
Net assets as of December 31, 1978: $119,608.58

NOTES

1. Does not include contributions by trustees and/or officers for time and services donated, nor rent payments by Mssrs. Gerngross and Goldfluss.

2. See table:

Schedule of contributions made:

Contributions Since April 1, 1950 Percentage of Total Grants
Class A: $2,599,914.04 75.3
Class B: $140,435.95 4.0
Class C: $653,161.56 18.9
Unclassified: $63,640.00 1.8
Total: $3,457,151.55 100.0

For an explanation of Class A, etc., see Chapter 1. The unclassified category includes grants made prior to the grant policy decisions by the trustees pursuant to the report of the Com-mittee on Education for American Citizenship presented on April 27, 1953.